The Progressive Era and Religion - 818 Words

The Progressive Era gave reformers concerns about the poor of American cities. Many developed the view that poverty was a result of some people’s characters and not their environmental and social condition. This brought up the argument and idea of the deserving poor versus the non-deserving poor. This alluded to the thought that character made a person poor and not that being poor made the character. However, Stephen Crane’s short story Maggie: A Girl of the Streets critiques many of these ideas. His biggest critique was that of religion and the standards and hypocrisy of it. This essay will argue that Crane critiques the hypocrisy of Christianity and Christians through the characterization of a wide range of characters in his novel. The most prominent example of Crane’s critique against religion and it’s hypocrisy is Maggie’s mother Mary. Even her name is a critique for it could reference religious symbol Mary, mother of Jesus. However, Mary Johnson is the complete opposite of the Virgin Mary. She is a hypocrite both personally and with her own religion. Mrs. Johnson is also a voice of the moral norm of her time, despite the fact that she violates it at every point. Mrs. Johnson is an alcoholic who abuses her children and she makes the home unlivable by her drunken rages, yet she condemns her daughter for having sex out of wedlock. She refuses to let Maggie live with her even when Maggie is abandoned by her lover. She uses her religion of Christianity as the excuse yet sheShow MoreRelatedComparison Between Karl Marx And Emile Durkheim1501 Words   |  7 Pagesand past education on these individuals I found they have a lot of the same views in regards to religion. Both Emlie Durkheim and Kar l Marx believe that religion is a projection of mans hopes and desires. They both also agree that religion plays a powerful role in influencing the members of a society. While coming up with these theories they were both more concerned with the human rather than the religion. Both of them did not believe in a god or gods. It’s been said that Marx saw god as idealizationRead MoreThe Conflict Of The American Civil Rights Movement Essay1309 Words   |  6 PagesDemocracy, Justice, and Progress†¦ achievable only by following a straight path.† In other words, by connecting his vision with religion, DuBois can draw Christians to advocate for African-American rights because it is morally right to do so. What is interesting about Lewis account is that he highlighted a key point in the American Civil Rights movement: the connection to religion. By doing so, he contrasted himself from other historians who shied from making that declaration. Lewis was able to reach thatRead MoreA Fair Wage System Did Not Exist Even Before The Industrial Revolution1688 Words   |  7 Pagescitizens closer, including telephones, railroads, cars, trains, and growing cities. It was still believed that humanity could not be diverted from God’s ultimate plan with the anomalies caused by humanities mistakes. Social Gospelers thought that religion needed to become more masculine in order to address the moral problems that ensued after the industrial age. The movement’s motive was to bring in more men to participate in church actively. Women were thought to be too sensitive and clouded by theirRead MoreThe Progressive Era Of American History1346 Words   |  6 PagesThe progressive era is one of the most researched times in American history due to the multiple social and economic movements that took place. When historians argue about progressivism, they are not just debating about events of a century ago, they are struggling to interpret the basic meaning of Am erican democracy. The progressive era is a widely debated topic among many historians. It is known as a time period that consisted of economic, political, social, and moral reforms. In summary the progressiveRead MoreThe Progressive And Traditional Forms Of Society1086 Words   |  5 PagesBoth the Progressive and Traditional forms of society have been pivotal and influential in the development and transition of various societies. Specifically, both ideologies were highly substantial in the overall growth and development in a budding society. However, although both ideologies were critical to the overall growth and development of a society, the ideologies were substantially opposing in numerous ways. From the rate of speed for both social and technological evolution, how power wasRead MoreNative Americans And American History1396 Words   |  6 PagesThe natives even had to defend revered parts of their culture, such as religion, against the white man. Federal authorities attempte d to outlaw the use of the peyote plant in church rituals; in order to force the religion of Christianity on the natives. In response, the Peyote men defended their religious customs by indirectly referring to the first amendment â€Å"I do not think this legislature should interfere with a man’s religion. (7)† Whether the Natives chose to assimilate into American societyRead MoreComparing the Approaches of the Progressive and Populist Movements893 Words   |  4 Pages20th century the progressive movement and populist movement were groups and organizations getting together to resolve social, economic, and political problems occurring in the United States. Both movements had different approaches to what was more important and how to deal with problems. Progressivism was mainly for the betterment of cities while populism is for agrarian section of farmers. First of all there were social failures and successes between the populist and the progressive. During the progressiveRead MoreEssay on Boss713 Words   |  3 Pagesestablish successful colonies? 2. What was the relationship between early Virginia settlers and the Powhatan Indians, and how did Indian policies in the southern colonies eventually laid the basis for forced removal and reservations? 3. How did religion, economic circumstances, and Indian relations shape the founding and the development of the New England colonies? 4. How did the labor system of white indentured servitude work, and why did plantation owners replace it African slavery? ExplainRead MoreThe Progressive Era Essay1133 Words   |  5 Pagesthe attractiveness of the nation. The progressive era was from 1870 to 1916 which entered the period of urbanization in the United States. In the 19th century, a lot of European immigrants came into the States and this aided the speedy industrialization, people moved away from rural era without hesitation. In 1910, progressive era was the political movement of group of people who were ready to turn the social and political life of America around. It is an era where workers were involved in the improvementRead MoreThe Birth Control Movement Essay example1442 Words   |  6 PagesThe Progressive Era was a period of social and political reform beginning in the post Gilded Age 19th century and lasting through WWI. Industrial and urban growth of early 19th century America while representative of o pportunity and future advancement simultaneously posed many difficulties for working class citizens. Prior concerns over the conditions of working class citizens were multiplied and magnified by overpopulated and impoverished urban communities. During this era many new Progressive

Japan s Contemporary Health Care System - 960 Words

After the reconstruction in Japan social economic down fall in the post of WW II, the Japanese made a remarkable spring forth in becoming the world leading in life expectancy and egalitarian society. Given the life expectancy prior to 1946 for men and women respectively 42.8: 44.3 to 51.1 years (Bezruchka, Namekata, and Sistrom, 2008, p. 4), compared to present age of 79.6: 86.4 years for men and women respectively (WHO, 2010). The Japanese contemporary health benefit is due to the distribution of power and economic equality forced by democratic centralized government in unifying the nations (Bezruchka, et al., 2008, p. 589). NEED ONE MORE SENTENCE Then, summarize one significant political feature and one legal feature of Japan’s contemporary health care system that contributes to Japan’s population health status. One political feature that has change the course of the Japanese public health system in disturbing wealth and power to an egalitarian society was proposed by General Douglas MacArthur whom distinguish the 3 D’s as being demilitarization, democratization, and decentralization. His concept was motivated by â€Å" recognizing the importance of the country’s citizens regaining self-respect. Removing the traces of Japan’s feudal structure, developing an economic foundation based on social justice, instituting land reform policies, and giving voice to women and labor unions were largely accomplished through the establishment of a new constitution and attendantShow MoreRelatedEssay about C489 Task 31176 Words   |  5 PagesC489 Organizational Systems and Quality Leadership Task 3 Jennifer Gentry Western Governors University A1. Country to compare and A2. Access The country I chose to compare with the United States healthcare system is Japan. Access to healthcare in Japan is fairly easy. Every individual, including the unemployed, children and retirees, is covered by signing up for a health insurance policy. They can obtain insurance either through their work or through a community based insurance. For thoseRead MoreAsian Dietary Cultures That Have Developed Through The Centuries789 Words   |  4 Pagesscientist and often geeks. The man are made less manly and asian women are often portrayed as exotic and submissive. The media even try to portray asian parents as very strict and won t accept nothing but perfection. In America there are many contemporary issues that plague them such as, being excluded from executive positions in the workplace or passes over for promotions because of negative stereotypes.There is also a myth that causes them to be emulated due to the media always showing them asRead MoreTheory Of Caring And Nursing Practice1285 Words   |  6 Pagessomething no one should encounter, let alone an innocent child. In Japan however, this is a regular occurrence and because of an inability to find a solution to these problems, nurses lost both their confidence and passion in pediatric and family care and sought other specialties. Only until change to the system was realized as a necessity was a study created to determine if the method of caring would help and change the current system for the best. This study sought to answer the questions, what isRead MoreCompensation Practices During The United States And Japan1161 Words   |  5 Pagesmanagement† (Bohlander, Snell, Morr is, 2016). For many years there has been a debate on the wages CEO’s in Japan versus those in the United States. It has been reported that CEO’s in Japan make one-sixth of the income of a CEO’s in the United States (Jilani, 2011). This research paper will examine the similarities and differences of compensation practices utilized in the United States and Japan. In order to truly examine the similarities’ and differences of compensation practices, the following aspectsRead MoreGreatbrit vs Us1238 Words   |  5 Pages1. Identify one country from the following list whose healthcare system you will compare to the U.S. healthcare system: Great Britain, Japan, Germany, or Switzerland. Great Britain and American Health Care Compared 2.   Compare access between the two healthcare systems for children, people who are unemployed, and for people who are retired. Great Britain’s National Health Service (NHS) covers everyone children, unemployed and retired. There is no payment required. Taxes are higher in GreatRead MoreWgu Kot 22957 Words   |  12 Pageshealthcare reform are hot topics of debate in today s society. As the population grows and life expectancy increases, the nation faces many challenges in providing healthcare benefits to the people. â€Å"According to the report, titled Income, Poverty and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2010, 49.9 million Americans or 16.3 percent of the total US population had no health insurance in 2010. That percentage represents a slight increase on 2009’s figures, when 49 million citizens or 16.1 percentRead MoreDiversity and Cultural Competence in Family Therapy Essay1050 Words   |  5 Pageschanges are taking place within the United States cultural makeup. Therapists and healthcare professionals are being challenged to provide effective and sensitive care for patients and their families. This type of culturally sensitive care requires the professional to be open and seek understanding in the patients diverse belief systems (Kodjo, 2009). The therapist must be aware of individual values and beliefs in order to develop an understanding of why the client responds to certain life-stressorsRead MoreWhy Americans Should Embrace Alternative Medicine1300 Words   |  6 Pages As complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) grows more popular with the American public, the question arises whether we should consolidate aspects of unorthodox medicine with standard care. Many, such as Dr. Andrew Weil, swear by CAM’s effectiveness and urge for a more patient-centered approach to care (Relman). While CAM has no shortage of critics, a growing body of research is indicating the effectiveness of many CAM therapies in treating a variety of conditions. Patients, physicians, andRead MoreThe Expectancy Indicator Of Australia1362 Words   |  6 Pagesto better care for themselves and others, also increasing the length of their lives and health. Political Indicators: Freedom House Rating (Freedom in the World Report): Free; Political Rights -- 1, Civil Liberties -- 1. (2015) Corruption Perception Index (CPI) Ranking (and score): 11 (80) (2014) Press Freedom Index (Reporters Without Borders) Ranking (and index score): 25 (17.03) (2014) Shares in Parliament, female-male ratio: .41 (2012) Date of State Formation: January 1, 1901 System Type: representativeRead MoreConcept of Technological Dynamism2163 Words   |  9 Pagesinformation technology. This is carried against the backdrop of the concept of information technology as the conceptual framework. The paper concludes that indeed the statement that IT is radically changing the social world is true. Introduction   The contemporary society has witnessed a series of transformations which can directly be attributed to the concept of technological dynamism. Technological dynamism is a concept which was defined by Albu (2009) as the rate of exchange in the level of predictability

Slumdog Millionaire Cultural Issues free essay sample

This movie has at its core a western influence and a quest for freedom through economic empowerment (capitalism), utilizing the love of western culture and modern technology. The film has as its central character a young Indian man name Jamal Malik, who was born into misfortune, which is to say he was born into absolute poverty. He was an orphan, and he was from the slums of Mumbai. He grew up with his older brother, Salim, who was both his guardian/protector and antagonist; and having a relationship since childhood with another orphaned child, a girl named Latika. Jamal, had no education and worked in a call center serving tea. However, his resourcefulness and street smarts helped him to adapt to his ever challenging environment and navigate his way through his very difficult life. According to India’s traditional (albeit disappearing) caste system, he is expected to remain in abject poverty until death. This young Indian mans life was forever altered by western culture and technology, through the popular Indian version of the American Television show â€Å"Who Wants to be a Millionaire†. With the whole nation watching, he is just one question away from winning a staggering 20 million rupees. But when the show breaks for the night, police arrest him on suspicion of cheating. Throughout the film, the young man is constantly exposed directly or indirectly to western culture (American and European Tourists, Western Currency, even European Literature â€Å"The Three Musketeers†) which brought with them valuable life lessons, and provided the answers to many of the questions which he had to answer correctly, to win the game show challenge and become a millionaire. The police inspector shows the videotape and after each question, Jamal recalls parts of his childhood with his brother Salim, his crush for Latika and their fight to survive on the streets to justify each correct answer, guided by his common sense and past experience, and prove his innocence. Ironically, but consistent with globalization the winning question which brought the young Jamal his fortune and changed his financial standing in society. The question from western literature about the â€Å"Three Musketeers†, penned by French writer Alexander Dumas. High Context Communication The film depicts cultural bias but the message that is communicated is high context communication because it is understood between both parties. India’s characteristics reveal the social practices of the cultural systems. Because their communication takes place in a long term relationship between two people who are often able to interpret even the slightest gesture or briefest comment. The message does not need to be stated explicitly because it is carried in the shared understanding about the relationships. Jamal was an office jockey or coffee runner, yet he worked in a call center, which handled calls from all over the world. The young man Jamal, because of his social-economic standing, was thought to have cheated when he answered the questions correctly. It was believed that this lower class Indian (â€Å"A Chia-wallah Slumdog†), should not have been able to answer such questions because they were not relevant to his world. He was from the streets or slums of Mumbai. The questions could only have been answered correctly by a better educated more widely exposed (middle or upper-class) Indian. This was apparent in the way the game show host taunted and mistreated the young contestant, humiliating him and talking to him in a very inferior and condescending manner. However, in a very specific setting: the angry police inspector, when he is violently interrogating Jamal, whom he suspects of cheating on the â€Å"Who Wants to be a Millionaire† show states, â€Å"What can a slumdog possibly know? † At this point in the movie, the inspector is the antagonist and certainly not a character with whom we are expected to agree with. By the end of the movie, the inspector has changed his attitude toward Jamal completely. He believes him, sets him free and roots for him to win. For example, as mentioned earlier, the caste system is one which is very prejudicial and oppressive to a certain class of Indian people. Collectivism The challenges which Jamal faced, in some ways is familiar to most of us, but in other ways it is very far from our reality. The children in this movie were family, although they were abandoned and left alone to provide for themselves, they were apart of a bigger family which was the slumdog community. When Jamal and his brother went to school the teacher taught them about the Three Musketeer’s which symbolize collectivism because they represent â€Å"all for one and one for all†. Jamal invited Latika to come and stay with him and Salim because he recognizes that she was a slumdog and she was alone like them, and all slumdogs stick together. When Jamal won the game, he just didn’t win it for him self, he won it for the whole slumdog community. He showed everyone that has a higher rank in the caste system that is doesn’t matter where you come from, you can still gain knowledge. Cultural Patterns They suffered great abuses because they were a part of the lower caste. Everyone who was higher in the caste system had the right to abuse you, simply because you were a slumdog. In the movie the police constantly abused and tramatised the slumdogs. Because the Indian police can not imagine that a kid from the slums could have the intelligence to answer the questions correctly. And why should he? His entire background is one of hard work, no education and nightmarish conditions that are unbearably and sadly true for so many of India’s children at the lowest caste level. If you were a pretty girl from the slumdog community you could be used to entertain men for money (prostitution, belly-dancing, singing, etc. ). In the Indian culture, generally the age threshold for womanhood is much younger than it is in the western culture. In the movie they washed their clothes and played in the same water because as a slumdog it didn’t matter to them. Cultural Biases The cultural bias in this movie was when the Hindis went to fight the Muslims. When this occurred, the cultural riot killed Jamal’s mother. This is what left a lot of children homeless and without parents. In the beginning the studio audience had a bad view of Jamal because he was a slumdog, but as he began to answer questions correctly the audience changed their view of him. The questions that were ask on the game show were cultural bias because they were a part of the western culture, for instance when the host ask him about what was on the face of the hundred dollar bill, he learned it from a blind boy that he knew. The only reason the host asked him those questions was because he thought that Jamal shouldn’t know the answer because he was a slumdog from India.

Should colleges stop providing athletic scholarships

Introduction Colleges in the United States usually set out a number of vacancies for individuals who may not be academically gifted but are talented when it comes to sports (Mauro 10). The practice started in the 1870s as college sports and tournaments gained popularity. At the time colleges gave financial support and other incentives to non-students to have them play in their teams. Later, in a bid to regulate the administration of college sports, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) was set up.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Should colleges stop providing athletic scholarships? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The NCAA came up with a set of rules which were shaped around the fact that for individuals to play for college team, they must be registered students. It is this rule that drove colleges to start embracing the idea of offering scholarships to individuals who were average academically but played well in particular sports. This essay argues that athletic scholarships should be done away with. To this end, the discussion shall provide all reasons in support of the scholarships before contrasting them with reasons against the sponsorships. Reasons for maintaining sports scholarships With college leagues and tournaments gaining popularity, there has been a need to maintain professionalism. This has for a long time been attained by drafting sports men and women into college teams, using scholarships as incentives. The idea is noble to a certain extent because it helps individuals who may not be strong academically get good platforms to showcase their sporting talent. With scouts for professional clubs and national teams attending the college games seeking fresh talent, sports scholarships by extension help create a good resource pool for professional sports persons (Medic et al. 303). In addition, there are some individuals who join college on sports scholarships but ende d up taking a keen interest in academics and eventually graduate with distinctions. These are individuals who would not have made the cut had they depended on their academic strengths from high school but end up appreciating the need for academic work once they enter the institutions of higher learning (Johnson and Acquaviva 13). Finally, colleges that have flourishing sports departments usually get grants and other forms of financial support from corporate entities. These grants, when received, can be used to support some of the students who joined the institutions on academic merit but do not have the financial capability to sustain their stay in school. In this way, there is a mutually-beneficial relationship between individuals who are talented in sports and those who are strong academically. Reasons against sports scholarships Colleges are institutions of learning and their primary purpose of existence is to equip individuals with the necessary academic knowledge to help them s erve in different professional capacities once they graduate. Entry into these facilities of higher learning should be on academic merit only because this encourages students in high school and junior academic levels to concentrate on their studies (Pitts and Rezek 1).Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Providing athletic scholarships tends to give some students the reason not to study hard believing that they would get an easy pass into colleges. Unfortunately for some of them, their talent may turn out not to be good enough or they may pick a permanent injury before getting the scholarship (Mitchel 1). This ends up leaving them with nothing to fall back on. Offering scholarships to sports-gifted individuals ultimately ends up professionalizing the college tournaments and events providing a bigger allure to students than academics. The best way to ensure that colleges continue to be cen ters of academic excellence and still act as a hub for the maturation of sporting talent is to scrap off all forms of athletic scholarships, and have students compete for college entry by academic merit. While in college students can showcase their ability in tournaments and those who are lucky can join professional clubs if given the chance. This arrangement will help give the students whose talent cannot be absorbed into professional sports a good landing ground. In addition, the cancellation of sports scholarships releases the funds for academic scholarships. The primary reason as to why the number of academic documents being published has gone down over time is because of lack of funding for research. By channeling funds from sports to research, the world stands to gain more than it would have from the entertainment value of sports. Conclusion This essay had set out to show that sports-scholarships are negatively influencing the academic purposes that colleges were set up for. F or this purpose, the first section of the essay provided an explanation of the benefits that sports scholarships bring to colleges. It has been indicated that athletics scholarships help give individuals who are not very gifted academically a chance to attend college. This is in addition to the fact that sports departments attract grants which can be used to support academic objectives. The essay then progressed to give the reasons for banning of sports scholarships. It has been indicated that these scholarships lower the bar for admission to college, while discouraging high-school students from putting in the necessary effort needed to qualify for college. In addition, it has been shown that banning sports scholarships also helps free financial resources for academic research. The weight of the points raised above clearly shows that there is more to be gained from cancelling athletic scholarships than retaining them. Works Cited Johnson, Dennis and John Acquaviva. â€Å"Point/Coun terpoint: Paying College Athletes.†Ã‚  The Sport Journal. 15.1 (2012):13-15. TSJournals. Web. Mauro, Bob. College athletics scholarships: a complete guide. USA: McFarland Company Incorporated Pub, 1988. Print.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Should colleges stop providing athletic scholarships? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Medic, Nikola, Diane Mack, Philip Wilson Janet Starkes. â€Å"The effect of athletic scholarships on motivation in sport.† Journal of Sport Behavior. 11.2 (2007):292-303. Selfdeterminationtheory. Web. Mitchel, Heidi. â€Å"Competing for Scholarships on the Field and Online.† Wall Street  Journal 7 August 2012: 1. WSJ. Web.17 Apr. 2013. Pitts, Joshua and John Rezek. â€Å"Athletic scholarships in intercollegiate football.† Journal  of Sports Economics. 13.5 (2012):515-535. SAGE Journals. Web. This essay on Should colleges stop providing athletic scholarships? was written and submitted by user Abigail Beach to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Geography and Facts on Disney Theme Parks

Geography and Facts on Disney Theme Parks Disneys first theme park was Disneyland, located in Anaheim California. Disneyland opened on July 17, 1955. In the 1970s, the Walt Disney Company developed its Walt Disney Parks and Resorts Division after the construction of the Magic Kingdom at the Walt Disney Resort in Orlando, Florida. Since its founding in 1971, the Walt Disney Parks and Resorts Division has been responsible for expanding its original Disney parks and building new parks all over the world. For example, Disneys original park, Disneyland, was expanded to include Disneys California Adventure Park in 2001. The following is a list of the Disney parks located around the world and a short summary of what each park includes: Disneyland Resort This is the first Disney resort and is located in Anaheim, California. It opened in 1955 but has been expanded since and now includes Disneys California Adventure Park, Downtown Disney and luxury hotels such as the Disneyland Hotel, Disneys Grand Californian Hotel and Spa, and Disneys Paradise Pier Hotel. Walt Disney World Resort This resort was Disneys second project in Orlando, Florida and is an expansion of the Magic Kingdom which opened in 1971. Today its theme parks include the original Magic Kingdom, Epcot, Disneys Hollywood Studios and Disneys Animal Kingdom. In addition, there are water parks, shopping centers, and a large variety of hotels and resorts at or near this Disney location. Tokyo Disney Resort ï » ¿This was the first Disney resort to open outside of the United States. It opened in Urayasu, Chiba, Japan in 1983 as Tokyo Disneyland. It was expanded in 2001 to include Tokyo DisneySea which features a nautical, underwater theme. Like the U.S. locations, Tokyo Disney has a large shopping center and luxury resort hotels. In addition, the resort is said to have one of the largest parking structures in the world. Disney Paris ï » ¿Disney Paris opened under the name Euro Disney in 1992. It is located in the Paris suburb of Marne-la-Vallà ©e and has two theme parks (Disneyland Park and Walt Disney Studios Park), a golf course and many different resort hotels. Disney Paris also has a large shopping center called Disney Village. Hong Kong Disneyland Resort This 320-acre park is located in Pennys Bay on Lantau Island, Hong Kong and opened in 2005. It consists of one theme park and two hotels (Hong Kong Disneyland Hotel and Disneys Hollywood Hotel). The park has plans to expand in the future. Shanghai Disneyland Resort The most recent Disney Park is in Shanghai. It was approved by the government of China in 2009 and is expected to open in 2014. Disney Cruise Line The Disney Cruise Line was developed in 1995. It currently operates two ships- one of which is called Disney Magic and the other is Disney Wonder. They began operating in 1998 and 1999, respectively. Each of these ships travels to the Caribbean and have a port of call at Disneys Castaway Cay Island in the Bahamas. The Disney Cruise Line plans to add two more ships in 2011 and 2012. In addition to the above-mentioned theme parks and resorts, Walt Disneys Parks and Resorts Division has plans to open additional parks in Europe and Asia. It also has plans to expand several existing parks such as the Hong Kong and Paris locations. Source: Wikipedia. (2010, March 17). Walt Disney Parks and Resorts - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walt_Disney_Parks_and_Resorts

Using Visual Basic VBA with HTTPS and SSL

Using Visual Basic VBA with HTTPS and SSL Is it possible to access web pages with HTTPS and that require login/password using Excel? Well, yes and no. Heres the deal and why its not so straight forward. First, Lets  Define Terms HTTPS is by convention the identifier for what is called SSL (Secure Sockets Layer). That doesnt really have anything to do with passwords or logins as such. What SSL does is set up an encrypted connection between a web client and server so that no information is sent between the two in the clear using unencrypted transmissions. If the information includes login and password information, encrypting the transmission protects them from prying eyes...but encrypting passwords isnt a requirement. I used the phrase by convention because the real security technology is SSL. HTTPS only signals to the server that the client plans on using that protocol. SSL can be used in a variety of other ways. So...if your computer sends a URL to a server that uses SSL and that URL starts with HTTPS, your computer is saying to the server: Hey Mr. Server, lets shake hands over this encryption thing so that whatever we say from now on wont get intercepted by some bad guy. And when thats done, go ahead and send me the page addressed by the URL. The server will send back the key information for setting up an SSL connection. Its up to your computer to actually do something with it. Thats key (pun...well, sorta intended) to understanding the role of VBA in Excel. The programming in VBA would have to actually take the next step and implement the SSL on the client side. Real web browsers do that automatically and show you a little lock symbol in the status line to show you that it has been done. But if the VBA just opens the web page as a file and reads the information in it into cells in a spreadsheet (a very common example), Excel wont do that without some additional programming. The servers gracious offer to shake hands and set up secure SSL communication just gets ignored by Excel. But You Can Read the Page You Requested in Exactly the Same Way To prove it, lets use the SSL connection that is used by Googles Gmail service (which starts with https) and code a call to open that connection just like it was a file. This reads the web page like it was a simple file. Since recent versions of Excel will import HTML automatically, after the Open statement is executed, the Gmail page (minus the Dynamic HTML objects) is imported into a spreadsheet. The goal of SSL connections is to exchange information, not just read a web page, so this is normally not going to get you very far. To do more, you have to have some way, in your Excel VBA program, to support both the SSL protocol and maybe to support DHTML too. Youre probably better off starting with the full Visual Basic rather than Excel VBA. Then use controls like the Internet Transfer API WinInet and call Excel objects as needed. But it is possible to use WinInet directly from an Excel VBA program. WinInet is an API - Application Programming Interface - to WinInet.dll. Its mainly used as one of the major components of Internet Explorer, but you can use it directly from your code as well and you can use it for HTTPS. Writing the code to use WinInet is at least a medium difficulty task. In general, the steps involved are: Connect to the HTTPS server and send an HTTPS requestIf the server asks for a signed client certificate, resend the request after attaching the certificate contextIf the server is satisfied, the session is authenticated There are two major differences in writing the WinInet code to use https rather than the regular HTTP: You should also keep in mind that the function of exchanging a login/password is logically independent of encrypting the session using https and SSL. You can do one or the other, or both. In many cases, they do go together, but not always. And implementing the WinInet requirements doesnt do anything to respond automatically to a login/password request. If, for example, the login and password are part of a web form, then you might have to figure out the names of the fields and update the fields from Excel VBA before posting the login string to the server. Responding correctly to a web servers security is a big part of what a web browser does. On the other hand, if SSL authentication is required, you might consider using the InternetExplorer object to log in from within VBA... The bottom line is that using https and logging into a server from an Excel VBA program is possible, but dont expect to write the code that does it in just a few minutes.

Interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 26

Interview - Essay Example Currently, I am the CEO of Google Inc. A: My interest in computing dates back to high school days when I used to analyze web pages. In essence, my research in computing was largely based on analysis of web pages using algorithms and I honestly had no idea how Google would revolutionize the computing world. My partner Sergey Brin  has been supportive and collaborative ever since and I attribute the company’s success to his synergy. In as much as the operations of Google are related to my career, I can say Serendipity was at play, particularly during the incipient stages of the company. A: To be honest, Brin and I solicited funds from friends, family, and well-wishers in order to develop the company. One of the challenges we faced was that our company was not yet incorporated and so we could not receive checks. We, however, solved the problem after two years of paperwork. In 1998, Brin and I incorporated the company as Google Inc. and it has transcended insurmountable odds ever since. As currently constituted, the company is currently a C-Corp and it is listed on NASDAQ. A: Well, Brin and I had initially developed a PageRank algorithm that could as well function as a search engine and its super performance was enviable among the existing portals like Yahoo. That’s all we had, neither did we have a web page developer nor a decent office. We essentially employed our skills in the basic HTML programming to do all our tasks. It was hectic yet rewarding. A: Our primary aim was to foster the usefulness of global information by organizing it. Our first customers were corporate entities who wanted to organize and interlink their information by creating internet URLs that our users could follow. A: perhaps our biggest challenge has been synchronizing our ads in the mobile search networks. In this regard, we are teaming up with mobile app developers to encourage people to use mobile search so that they can

Fixing the immigration system (international student and tourism) Essay

Fixing the immigration system (international student and tourism) - Essay Example In essence, it is an eye opener to the kind of losses that the American government would face in the event that they continue to lose such students to other countries by imposing stringent restrictions on acquisition of visas. This is actually a very critical source since it fits well in the research on fixing the immigration system by providing information on the fiscal relevance of international students. "Nolo.com."Â  Students and Tourists Affected by New Visa Rules and Procedures - Legal Updates - Nolo.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. . Nolo.com gives an insight on how tourists and students have been affected by the recent fresh visa procedures and rules. This website claims that if one is a tourist or an international student in need of a visa to study in America, chances are that one will have to undergo through intense questioning and scrutiny, as part of a security measure that the American government has taken to ensure that its airline operations remain secure. Furthermore, it explores on the SEVIS system which is a database which schools normally enter the student information. Through this, the USCIS can access information on a student without the knowledge of the student. This puts a lot of pressure on foreign students. Such stringent measures and delaying tactics of issuing visas to tourists and international students tend to discourage most foreigners from opting to go to the U.S. Thus, the website gives useful information to the research on fixing the immigration system by giving details on how such rest rictions discourage most people from considering going to America to visit the country or conduct their studies. Bedard, Paul. "U.S. Tourisms Lost Decade Cost Some 500,000 Jobs."Â  US News.U.S.News& World Report, 10 Nov. 2011. Web. 22 Apr. 2014.

Love vs Punishment Essay Example for Free

Love vs Punishment Essay In the article â€Å"Justice: Childhood Love Lessons† bell hooks claims that â€Å"there is nothing that creates more confusion about love in the minds and hearts of children than unkind or cruel punishment† (hooks 27). In other words punishment of any kind, let it be pinching, flicking or spanking will result in disorientation in a child’s mind. This statement is true to some people, false to others, but overall hooks tends to be bias in her argument. She doesn’t explore the different variations of physical punishment and how these punishments affect the child’s thought about love. There are many different types of punishment out there in this cruel world, but not all of them can disorientate a child’s mind or heart about love. Simple physical punishments; such as pinching, flicking, and spanking, are carried out on us at a very young age, and all throughout life. Our parents are here to discipline us, to teach us the difference of right and wrong. When we first misbehave, our parents might tell us to â€Å"knock it off† or â€Å"stop† and they may raise their voice when asserting these commands. We sometimes stop when told to, but sometimes we ignore their commands and keep misbehaving repeatedly. This is where physical punishment comes into play. A form of physical punishment would and will be carried out on us. At first it may be a simple punishment, but gradually the punishments intensify. Once a punishment has been carried out, many of us become cloaked in fear of punishment and from this fear we learn not to do that mistake again. Read more:  Persuasive Speech About Love Simple punishment is used for the good of children and to discipline them, â€Å"Dr.  David Safir, father of five and grandfather of five, CNN asked him to talk to us about his views on spanking. He said he was spanked as a child, spanked his own children when necessary and believes the occasional use of physical punishment not abuse can be an effective tool for parents† (Zeidler) If these simple punishments are executed out appropriately by the child’s parents, the child will be certain to remember why he/she was punished. These simple and effortless punishments will certainly not disorientate the child’s mind about love, instead it will discipline the child and help them in their future. Cruel and intense physical punishment do exist, these types of punishments may scar the child for life, and may even lead to behavior or personality change. For example, â€Å"As one man bragged about the aggressive beatings he had received from his mother, sharing that ‘they had been good for him,’ I interrupted and suggested that he might not be the misogynist women-hater he is today if he had not been brutally beaten by a women as a child (paragraph 8). These types cruel, harsh and brutal form of physical punishment will certainly cause confusion about love in a child mind. As the above example states â€Å"he might not be the misogynist women-hater he is today if he had not been brutally beaten by a women as child. † If this man was cared for and loved by his mom, then he certainly would have not been the misogynist he is now. He was confused and he never knew the true meaning of love, because all the overwhelming pain caused him to change. Millions of children across the world are brutally punished by their parents, siblings, family members and/or relatives. These children grow up to punish their children the same way they were punished and their children grow up to do the same and so on. These children and all the generations of children after them will be confused about love, their behaviors and personality are certain to change. Hooks fails to explain which types of punishment can cause confusion about love. Her entire argument is biased, she explains everything from her point of view and doesn’t put herself in others shoes. Her statement itself doesn’t make sense, saying that physical punishment will lead to the confusion about love in a child’s mind. Basically she is trying to imply that if I did something wrong and my parents were to physically punish me that would mean that they don’t love me anymore. Physical punishment if carried out in a appropriate manner will prevent the child from carrying out the mistake again. But if intense and brutal punishment is carried out on a child, the result can be devastating. The child will grow up filled with hatred, anger and resentment, leading to personality and behavior changes. A child will only be disorientated about love when they have been brutally punished by their parent and later imply that they love them by saying â€Å"I’m doing this because I love you† (hooks 27) or â€Å"It hurts me more than it hurts you† (hooks 27) In conclusion, Kids need to be taught right and wrong, but the presumption we need to punish them to teach them this is not supported by the science. Its not clear at all that punishment in any form is the answer, even though every culture uses punishment in some form. (Zeidler) A loving parent would want their child to know what is right and wrong, to do the right and not the wrong, and to succeed at this they might use simple forms of physical punishment. But an irresponsible and careless parent wouldn’t care about their child at all, in which they will carry out brutal forms of physical punishment leading to major changes of how that child views the world. Explaining and giving more detail about the different types of punishment, would have led hooks into writing a better article. Physical punishments can nurture or completely change a child, but it all depends how the parent chooses to use it. Punishment can exist in various ways even with love.

Jesus, Gender and The Holy Bible :: Holy Bible Essays

Jesus, Gender and The Bible Sunday evening I attended my weekly Ecumenical Christians of Oberlin meeting. This is a group of generally open-minded individuals that get together on Sundays to have dinner and discuss topics related to Christianity. Topics range from "What is the Kingdom of God?" to "Pacifism: Turning the Other Cheek." Our topic this Sunday was "Women and the Bible." At first I thought that we might be studying Esther or one of the many Marys - prominent women in the Bible that are always mentioned whenever the subject is brought up. I was partly correct: we did mention most if not all of the Marys, although we did not mention Esther. Being primarily a non-fundamentalist Christian group, we tend focus on the New Testament. I also thought that this might end up being a discussion on the women who were important to Jesus and why they were important. Once again, I was partly correct: we did discuss them, but we ended up discussing much more. The first of two questions we considered was "How does my being male or female affect my spirituality?" I thought for a while and could not think of a single way in which it did. I often ponder how my being male affects my relationships with my biological father, the opposite sex, and society. But, before this meeting, I had never pondered how being male affected my spirituality. Most of the men in the room seemed to be in a similar state of confusion at the question. The women, however, had a more varied response. Some felt the same way I did - they had never really thought about it. A couple mentioned how being able to give birth to another human brought them closer to God, the creator of life. Several more mentioned sexism in the church and how it interfered with their spirituality. This got the discussion rolling, although in a slightly different direction from what the discussion leader had planned. We talked about how sexism in the church had affected our lives. The church ofte n seems to push men and women into specific roles. Women are not always taken seriously, and their spiritual gifts and needs are sometimes ignored. These shortcomings, caused by members of the church as well as tradition, are harmful to members of both genders because they can distort people's views of the world, the Bible, and God.

Kristen Cookie Company

Assignment 1 Operations Management I Kristen’s Cookie Company (A1) Section No. | 5| Group No. | AA1| Total Marks| 50| Marks Obtained| | Sr. No. | Name of Students| Roll No| 1| Ameya Prakash Deopujari| 12506| 2| Mayank Jhawar| 12527| 3| Nitya Agarwal| 12532| 4| Pawanjot Singh Makkar| 12535| 5| Radhika Sharma| 12540| 1 – How long will it take you to fill an order? Ans – Total time taken for a 1 dozen order is 26 minutes as per below table. Activity Involved| Cycle Time| Cumulative time| Order Entry| 0 minute| 0 minute| Washing & mixing| 6 minutes| 6 minutes| Spooning| 2 minutes| 8 minutes|Oven set up| 1 minute| 9 minutes| Bake cookies| 9 minutes| 18 minutes| Remove cookies| 0 minute| 18 minutes| Cool cookies| 5 minutes| 23 minutes| Pack cookies| 2 minutes| 25 minutes| Accept payment| 1 minute| 26 minutes| 2 – How many orders can you fill in a night, assuming you are open four hours each night? Ans – Time taken for preparation of a single order can be divided into 3 parts: Therefore if the tray is ready for the second order (pre baking process) while the first order is in the oven for baking, it would save 8 minutes of time for every subsequent order.When the first order is in process in baking, the pre baking session for the second order will take place for 8 minutes, thus these 8 minutes have been saved. Every order has to undergo both baking and post-baking processes taking 18 (10+8) minutes. But when the first order is in post baking session (taking 8 minutes) then during the 8 minutes second order can be baked saving 8 minutes. 2 minutes will be consumed by second order only as baking process in total takes 10 minutes. Then post baking process of second order will take 8 minutes more. So the second order in total takes 10 (8+2) minutes extra.Now when the second order is in baking then third order can be prepared for pre baking process thus saving 8 minutes again. As second order is in post baking process for 8 minutes, then third order can be baked thus saving 8 minutes. 2 minutes extra will be consumed by third order for baking process. 8 minutes will be consumed then for the post baking process. So the third order will take 10 minutes extra for total processing. Therefore every subsequent order will take 10 minutes only for complete process. Therefore time taken for the preparation of ‘additional x' orders of 1 dozen would be: (26 + 10x) minutesThus if business operates for maximum of 4 hours (i. e. 240 minutes) the maximum no: of orders Kristen Cookie Company can take in 1 day would be 22 dozens as per table below. So from above table it is clear that after the first dozen every subsequent dozen will take 10 minutes only. So 22 dozens taking a total of 236 minutes can be prepared in 4 hours of business. 3 – How much of your own and your roommate’s valuable time will it take to fill each order? Ans – For my roommate time taken to fill each order is:- For me first dozen will take time as per below:- For second & third dozen, time taken will be 2 minutes only as mixing one for the first dozen will be available for second & third dozen also. For the fourth dozen, time taken will be again 8 minutes. This trend will continue for every 3rd order after the first order of one dozen. 4 – Because your baking trays can hold exactly one dozen cookies, you will produce and sell cookies by the dozen. Should you give any discount for people who order two dozen cookies, three dozen cookies or more? If so, how much? Will it take you any longer to fill a two-dozen cookies order than one–dozen cookies order? Ans – For 1 dozen order time taken:- Self – 8 minutesRoommate – 4 minutes Total – 12 minutes For a 2 dozen order time taken:- Self – 6(washing & mixing) + 4(spooning 2 times) = 10 minutes Roommate – 2 minutes (Oven set up 2 times) + 4 minutes (Pack cookies 2 times) + 1 minute (accept payment) = 7 minutes Total – 17 minutes For a 3 dozen order time taken:- Self – 6(washing & mixing) + 6(spooning 3 times) = 12 minutes Roommate – 3 minutes (Oven set up 3 times) + 6 minutes (Pack cookies 3 times) + 1 minute (accept payment) = 10 minutes Total – 22 minutes Let us assume that labor cost is $15 per hour for self & roommate.Order size| Total minutes| Cost/minute| Cost for order| Cost per dozen| Material Cost| Potential Discount| 1 dozen| 12| $15/60 = $0. 25| 12 * 0. 25 = $3| $3| $0. 70| 0| 2 dozen| 17| $0. 25 | 17*0. 25 = $4. 25| $2. 125| $0. 70| 3 – (2. 125+0. 70) = $0. 275 | 3 dozen| 22| $0. 25| 22*0. 25 = $5. 50| $1. 833| $0. 70| 3 – (1. 833+0. 70) = $0. 467| As we observe, we can afford to give a discount for two- and three-dozen orders. A two-dozen order doesn't cost twice as  much as a one-dozen order and a three-dozen order cost much less then thrice a one-dozen order. – How many food processor and baking trays will you need? Ans – The food processor is idle for a long time in the process so only 1 is required. As it can contain atleast 3 dozens of ingredients during the whole process we should have atleast 3 trays as each tray handles 1 dozen of the ingredients. 6 – Are there any changes you can make in your production plans that will allow you to make better cookies or more cookies in less time or at lower cost? For example, is there a bottleneck operation in you production process that you can expand cheaply?What is the effect of adding another oven? How much would you be willing to pay to rent an additional oven? Ans – Producing more no of cookies is dependent upon the baking activity which is the bottleneck operation in the production process. If we install one more oven two dozen cookies will be ready in 28 mins only which is 8 mins less than 36 mins previously. Dozen | Process| Cycle time| start time| end time| 1| Washing ; Mixing| 6| 0| 6| 1| Spooning| 2| 6| 8| 1| Oven set up| 1| 8| 9| 1| Bake cookies(oven 1)| 9| 9| 18| 2| Spooning| 2| 8| 10| 2| Oven 2 set up| 1| 10| 11| | Bake cookies(oven 2)| 9| 11| 20| 1| Cool cookies| 5| 18| 23| 1| Pack cookies| 2| 23| 25| 2| Cool cookies| 5| 20| 25| 2| Pack cookies| 2| 25| 27| | Accept payment| 1| 27| 28| Similarly for 3 dozens the time reduces to 36 mins which is 10 mins less than the previous time Dozen | Process| Cycle time| start time| end time| 1| Washing ; Mixing| 6| 0| 6| 1| Spooning| 2| 6| 8| 1| Oven set up| 1| 8| 9| 1| Bake cookies(oven 1)| 9| 9| 18| 2| Spooning| 2| 8| 10| 2| Oven 2 set up| 1| 10| 11| 2| Bake cookies(oven 2)| 9| 11| 20| 1| Cool cookies| 5| 18| 23| 1| Pack cookies| 2| 23| 25| | Cool cookies| 5| 20| 25| 2| Pack cookies| 2| 25| 27| 3| Spooning| 2| 10| 12| 3| Oven 1set up| 1| 18| 19| 3| Bake cookies(oven 1)| 9| 19| 28| 3| Cool cookies| 5| 28| 33| 3| Pack cookies| 2| 33| 35| | Accept payment| 1| 35| 36| | | | | | Further number 4 dozens will just take 38 minutes. So in terms of costing we can pay that much for the oven per day which is less than or equal to profit on dozens of cookies that can be made in 4 hours (assuming the business is run for 4 hours only). 7 – What happens if you are trying to do this by yourself without roommate?Ans – We have assumed that there is only 1 tray ; the order for 2nd dozen is of the same variety as the 1st dozen. Activity| Cycle Time| Start Time| End time| Order Entry| 0 minute| 00:00| 00:00| Washing ; mixing| 6 minutes| 06:00| 06:00| Spooning (Dozen 1)| 2 minutes| 06:00| 08:00| Oven set up (Dozen 1)| 1 minute| 08:00| 09:00| Bake cookies (Dozen 1)| 9 minutes| 09:00| 18:00| Remove cookies (Dozen 1)| 0 minute| 18:00| 18:00| Cool cookies (Dozen 1)| 5 minutes| 18:00| 23:00| Pack cookies (Dozen 1)| 2 minutes| 26:00| 28:00| Spooning (Dozen 2)| 2 minutes| 23:00| 25:00|Oven set up (Dozen 2)| 1 minute| 25:00| 26:00| Bake cookies (Dozen 2)| 9 minutes| 26:00| 35:00| Remove cookies (Dozen 2)| 0 minute| 35:00| 35:00| Cool cookies (Dozen 2)| 5 minutes | 35:00| 40:00| Pack cookies (Dozen 2)| 2 minutes| 40:00| 42:00| Accept payment| 1 minute| 42:00| 43:00| So we can see that total time required for preparing 2 dozens has increased if all the activities have to be done by me only. 8 – Should you offer special rate for rush orders? Suppose you have just put a tray of cookies into the oven and someone call up with a â€Å"crash priority† order for a dozen cookies of a different flavor.Can you fill the priority order while still fulfilling the order for the cookies that are already in the oven? If not, how much of a premium should you charge for filling the rush order? Ans – * When the priority order is received, the current order is already in oven. By the time the current order cookies are baked in oven, the washing, mixing and spooning operations can be performed for priority order. Post which, there will be an idle time of up to 1 minute for priority order before the oven setup and baking process starts. * For the remaining process, there will be no idle time for priority order. By the time the priority order cookies are baked in oven, the previous order will be ready. * Thus, if a priority order comes when a tray for a current order is already in oven, the priority order can be filled still fulfilling the current order with a maximum delay time of 1 minute for priority order. * No premium should be charged as the process does not affect previous order. 9 – When should you promise delivery? How can you look quickly at you order board (list of pending orders) and tells a caller when his or her order will be ready?How much of a safety margin for timing should you allow? Ans – For Priority Orders:- * The safety margin should be based upon the time required for the prebaking process. This is because if an order received during baking or post baking process, would not need that operation to be stopped intermittently. * Thus if an order is received during washing and mixing proces s, the process will require to be stopped in between. * The prebaking process takes 8 minutes to complete. Thus the maximum margin should be 8 minutes for normal orders in such cases. So previous order would be delayed by a maximum of 8 minutes. 10 – What other factors should you consider at this stage of planning your business? Ans – * Competitors’ strengths and weaknesses. * Potential Customers likes and tastes * Regulations involved * Financing the budgets * Cost Effectiveness of the business proposition * Further investment required * Ways to get cheaper materials * Extra labor required or not 11 – Your product must be made to order because each order is potentially unique. If you decide to sell standard cookies instead, how should you change the production system?The order-taking process? Ans – * Now the cookies can be sold with the USP of being low price and  good quality. * We can bake the cookies before receiving the order and stock it, i nstead of making the  product one by one  according to each unique requirement. * The order-taking process also needs to  change. The consumers don’t need to  use the mail service to place the orders and wait for  pickup. They can come to the room directly to buy it. * If someone needs a large  sum of cookies, they can inform or order  little earlier. * We can have own cookies menu.

Why Prostitution Shouldn’t Be Legal?

Prostitution is a world wide controversial matter that has been around for many years. Prostitution itself is an old profession, but what about it leads to controversial arguments and opposing view points from our society? The idea that prostitution poses of selling one's body in exchange for money has had a negative impact in our society since it was first introduced into our presence. The many risk factors that follow prostitution, for example HIV, are one of many problems associated with going against legalizing prostitution. However, many people feel that diseases will be less frequent with legalizing prostitution.I would like to further explore this topic throughout the course of the semester, and gain an enhanced insight involved on each opposing side's point of view towards the issue, while finding the relevant information needed to back up my ideas and theory for this particular topic. â€Å"Prostitution is an extreme form of gender discrimination. Legalization of this viole nce to women restricts women's freedom and citizenship rights. If women are allowed to become a legitimate commodity, they are consigned to a second-class citizenship. Democracy is subverted† Donna Hughes Making the Harm VisibleThere is intense debate surrounding the legalization of prostitution. Full legalization involves prostitution taking the same status as any other occupation, i. e. giving sex workers access to social security and healthcare, regulating their places and terms of employment, etc. In many EU countries prostitution is de-criminalized, in other words, it is not a criminal offence to work as a prostitute. In the words of Hughes: â€Å"Considering the documented harm to women who are trafficked and prostituted, it is only logical that women should not be criminalized for being the victim of those abuses.Decriminalization also means that women will not fear arrest if they seek assistance and may be more likely to testify against pimps and traffickers. † Hughes goes on to argue that profiting from the services of a prostitute should be a crime in law, be this as a man buying sexual services, or as anyone gaining financial profit from a sex worker's activity: â€Å"But there absolutely should be no decriminalization for pimps, traffickers, brothel owners, or the men who buy women in prostitution. All legal reforms should aim to stop these perpetrators and profiteers. In her Factsheet on Prostitution, Melissa Farley argues that prostitution is: a) sexual harassment b) rape c) battering d) verbal abuse e) domestic violence f) a racist practice g) a violation of human rights h) childhood sexual abuse I) a consequence of male domination of women j) a means of maintaining male domination of women k) all of the above The well known Andrea Dworkin is part of the feminist camp which claims â€Å"Violation is a synonym for intercourse† (Dworkin, Intercourse), and prostitution is no exception; Beyond that, prostitution is the not only the affirmation, but the result of male supremacy.In a 1992 speech called Prostitution and male supremacy, Dworkin claims: â€Å"When men use women in prostitution, they are expressing a pure hatred for the female body. It is as pure as anything on this earth ever is or ever has been. It is contempt so deep, so deep, that a whole human life is reduced to a few sexual orifices, and he can do anything he wants. † Dworkin too asks how to define prostitution, she provides an answer: â€Å"Prostitution is not an idea.It is the mouth, the vagina, the rectum, penetrated usually by a penis, sometimes hands, sometimes objects, by one man and then another and then another and then another and then another. That's what it is. † Andrea Dworkin was speaking at a symposium with the focus of translating ideas from academia to action, but Farley claims Dworkin's brand of feminism is dead. Citing Catharine MacKinnon: â€Å"[In the past, we had a women's] movement which understood that the choice to be beaten by one man for economic survival was not a real choice, despite the appearance of consent a marriage contract might provide. .. Yet now we are supposed to believe, in the name of feminism, that the choice to be fucked by hundreds of men for economic survival must be affirmed as a real choice, and if the woman signs a model release there is no coercion there. † Farley's factsheet publishes results from one study which found 75% of women working as escorts had attempted suicide, and Hughes too points to the harm done to women through prostitution: â€Å"Prostitution causes extreme harm to the body and the mind.Women, who survive the beatings, rapes, sexually transmitted diseases, drugs, alcohol, and emotional abuse, emerge from prostitution ill, traumatized, and often, as poor as when they entered. † Calling on governments to realize that ‘women's bodies and emotions belong to them', Hughes says that is a state permits prostitution to flouri sh, a certain portion of each generation of young women will be lost. â€Å"Prostitution should not be legalized. Legalization means that the state imposes regulations under which women can be prostituted. In effect, regulation means that under certain conditions it is permissible to exploit and abuse women. In 1998 the Swedish government brought a bill to parliament which would in effect criminalize the buyers of sexual services, punishing them with a heavy fine or 6 month in jail. The bill as cited by EUROPAP states: â€Å"This new prohibition marks Sweden's attitude towards prostitution. Prostitution is not a desirable social phenomenon. The government considers, however, that it is not reasonable to punish the person who sells a sexual service. In the majority of cases at least, this person is a weaker partner who is exploited by those who want only to satisfy their sexual drives†¦It is also important to motivate prostitutes to seek help to leave their way of life. They s hould not run the risk of punishment because they have been active as prostitutes. † The legislation in Sweden was not only the result of lesser social acceptance of prostitution, but also an effort to eradicate trafficking. Legally able to sell her body, albeit for a short period of time, women become commodities. Commodification of women not only leads to women becoming second class citizens, but it also normalizes the concept of a human being becoming the property of someone else.For Hughes, there is no difference between trafficking which is by now universally recognized as a severe violation of human rights, and prostitution, which in Europe is widely tolerated, occasionally partly legal, and in the case of Holland, entirely so: â€Å"Prostitution is consuming thousands of girls and women and reaping enormous profits for organized crime in post-communist countries. In addition, each year, several hundred thousand women are trafficked from Eastern European countries for p rostitution in sex industry centers all over the world.The practices are extremely oppressive and incompatible with universal standards of human rights. The sex trade is a form of contemporary slavery and all indications predict its growth and expansion into the 21st century. † The European Parliament reports that police do not expect the sex trade to grow substantially in the Nordic region, however, the Swedish government hopes â€Å"By prohibiting the purchase of sexual services, prostitution and its damaging effects can be counteracted more effectively than hitherto.The government is however of the view that criminalization can never be more than a supplementary element in the efforts to reduce prostitution and cannot be a substitute for broader social exertions. † Hughes would agree that there is a wider social context; however she says â€Å"Above all, state bodies and non-governmental organizations should understand that prostitution is a demand market created by men who buy and sell women's sexuality for their own profit and pleasure.Legal reforms should therefore create remedies that assist victims and prosecute perpetrators† The perception of the prostitute as a victim is one which resounds through the literature against legalization of sex work. For Dworkin, the prostitutes is a victim of male supremacy, poverty and/or incest, and Catharine MacKinnon puts prostitution in a wider context in Prostitution and Civil Rights: â€Å"The legal right to be free from torture and cruel and inhuman or degrading treatment is recognized by most nations and is internationally guaranteed.In prostitution, women are tortured through repeated rape and in all the more conventionally recognized ways. Women are prostituted precisely in order to be degraded and subjected to cruel and brutal treatment without human limits; it is the opportunity to do this that is exchanged when women are bought and sold for sex. † An alternate school of feminism s ees sex work as empowerment, and the sex worker as willfully exerting and exploiting her power over the client.For Hughes, the concept is impossible: â€Å"Most arguments in favor of legalization are based on trying to distinguish between ‘free' and ‘forced' prostitution and trafficking. Considering the extreme conditions of exploitation in the sex industry, those distinctions are nothing but abstractions that make for good academic debates. They are, however,

Find Cars and Trucks With Propane Power

Find Cars and Trucks With Propane Power Propane is a common alternative fuel for fleets, buses, delivery trucks and police cars in the United States. Also known as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), propane powers over 10 million vehicles worldwide, with 270,000 of them on the roadways of America. Unfortunately, you can’t just go to the car dealer down the street and order a propane-powered car. However, there are certified installers that can convert a conventional car or truck to propane with a retrofit package. The U.S. Department of Energy maintains this up-to-date propane information regarding the availability of light, medium, and heavy-duty propane vehicles and conversions, in addition to this searchable database for propane makes and models back to 2001. Propane Vehicles Offer Cleaner Emissions Testing of modern propane-powered vehicles has proven they are far cleaner than conventional gasoline and diesel vehicles. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, converted propane vehicles are significantly cleaner than gasoline since they offer potentially lower toxic, carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and nonmethane hydrocarbon (NMHC) emissions. Propane Tax Incentives There are a variety of federal and state-wide incentives for vehicles that use LPG. This propane vehicle incentive database provides current information regarding the incentives and laws for propane-powered vehicles. Find a Propane Filling Station Near You There are over 1,200 propane filling stations in North America. This propane filling station database, maintained by the U.S. Department of Energy, provides current locations of stations in all 50 states. The U.S. Department of Energy also provides updated information on current infrastructure development, and a complete listing of public and private alt fuel fueling stations, searchable by fuel type is also available.

Where Should You Take the ACT

Where Should You Take the ACT SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips You don't want to walk in the morning of the ACT only to find you have to take the test on a super-tiny desk. If you're preparing for the ACT, you've probably spent a lot of time studying and getting ready for the test. But you probably haven't given that much thought to the physical location of your test (especially if you're taking it as a part of your state’s mandatory testing). However, the place you take the ACT could definitely affect your performance. Read our guide to choosing the best possible ACT test location so you can knock it out of the park. How to Search for Test Locations Before we can even talk about what makes a good center, we need to go over how to find those test centers to begin with. Keep in mind this guide is intended for students taking the test outside of mandatory state testing sessions. If your high school requires you to take the ACT, you won't be able to choose the location for that session of the test. But if you sign up on your own, you will be able to chose. The ACT website has two test center search methods – one that’s easier to use but less detailed, and one that’s more cumbersome but gives you more info. We’ll tell you about both. Method One: ACT’s Test Center Search The easiest way to start looking for an ACT Test Center is to use the search feature on ACT’s website. This basic search method allows you to search by country, state, and city. Image via the ACT Student website. The upside is that this is a quick method, and you don’t have to begin registering for the test. The downside is that since you can only search by city and state, and not zip code/distance, you might overlook test centers close to you. However, for some states, this basic method might be all you need. For example, in Rhode Island, there are only two test centers that offer the test on all ACT dates, and eleven centers total. If you live in RI, that would probably make your choice of test center pretty straightforward, unless you want to consider options over the border. Eight of the eleven possible test centers in Rhode Island. The basic ACT Test Center search doesn't allow students in Rhode Island to easily see options over the state border. Image via the ACT Student website. But for big states like California and Texas, you might need a more fine-grained search to be able to sort through the options closest to you. If that's the case, you may want to consider the second search method. Method Two: Begin to Register for the ACT Unfortunately, the best method for an ACT test center search is within the test registration process. You don’t have to complete your registration, but use this method if you want to do a more efficient search by zip code. For some reason, both the SAT and the ACT only let you search test centers by zip code once you’ve begun to register. Once you begin to register for the ACT, you can search for test centers by zip code. Image via the ACT Student website. The registration search method will give you a list of the test centers nearest to you. This is especially helpful if you live close to a different city or even a state line, as it will show you options over the border. A list of possible test centers found with the zip code search. Note that using this method you can still view which test centers still have space available. Image via the ACT Student website. So if you use this search method and see that you have a lot of options, how do you choose the best test center? Your choice depends on a few important factors, which we will cover in order of importance. How Far Away is the Center? You don’t want to risk a travel crisis the morning of the ACT. For that reason alone, it’s wise to choose a test center as close to your home as possible. In most cases, the closer, the safer, especially if traffic or weather issues arise. Also think about the parking and/or drop-off situation at the location. A high school parking lot might be crazy the morning of the ACT. In any case, always give yourself more time than you think you’ll need to get to the ACT on time. This is not the morning to be late! Do You Know the Building? Once you’re inside the center, you’ll be less stressed out if you know how to get around. For example, if it’s your own high school, even if you’re headed to a room you’ve never had a class in, you’ll likely be able to find it easily. This means less unnecessary stress on test day. However, if you’re in a different high school or university building, and have to go looking for your test room, that could cause unnecessary stress, especially if you take a wrong turn or get lost. If you have to go to an unfamiliar location (say if your high school doesn’t offer the ACT) you might consider scoping out the center ahead of time. Will You Run Into Friends? Will seeing friends or classmates at the ACT relax you, or stress you out? For some students, seeing their friends and talking before the test could help them relax and focus. For others, seeing classmates could remind them of competition and college application stress, so being with strangers might be more relaxing. There is no problem with being either type of person. But be introspective and try to decide if being with familiar faces will be good or bad for you, and plan accordingly. If you'll be especially stressed out by familiar faces, you might consider traveling a bit farther to go to a different test location. Are There Issues With the Test Center? Aside from the big issues of location and people present, there could be other, unexpected issues that make a test center better or worse. What are the rooms like? For example, windowless rooms can be oppressive and stressful for some students. For others, sitting by a window could be distracting. Does the room have decent temperature control? You don’t want to be taking the ACT either uncomfortably hot or cold. If the high school across town has AC and yours doesn’t, you might prefer to go across town, especially if you're taking the ACT in June. Think about other possible problems with the test center. Is there construction happening nearby that could be distracting? Odd smells or lighting issues? There are things that could unexpectedly cause problems the morning of the test. If you're easily distracted, make sure to scope out potential test centers carefully. They came in like wrecking ball... and ruined your concentration during the ACT. Avoid test locations with nearby construction sites! Image via Wikipedia. Finally, think about desk size. The bigger the desk or table you get to use, the easier, since you’re going to be juggling your answer sheet and test booklet. Trying to cram everything onto a tiny desk is an annoyance you might not want to deal with on test day. Should I Just Test at my High School? After going through all these different potential testing locations and issues, you might think that just going to your high school is the best option. This is likely the case for many students, but consider the following potential problems before you register. First, as we discussed above, being around friends and classmates can be stressful for some students. Will familiar faces distract you or stress you out? You might want the â€Å"blank slate† experience of going to a different location. Second, is there a closer location? Don’t underestimate morning-of travel and weather issues. If you commute across town to go to school, going to a location closer to home could save you morning-of travel time and stress. Are there known issues with your high school, like small desks, lack of heating/cooling, or a nearby construction project? You might want to seek out a different test center at a local University or different high school for a better testing environment. Do you tend to lose focus in environments you’re used to? Some people prefer the environment of a new testing center. Of course, for others, being in familiar locations is less stressful. That said, if you don't have any of those issues, your high school can be the best bet since you’re familiar with it. Personally, I took the ACT at my high school and found it much less stressful than going to a different location for my SAT Subject Tests. I happened to live within walking distance of my high school, and I liked having a short walk the morning of the test to calm my nerves. Plus, since I wasn’t worried about finding the testing room, I was at ease that morning. In contrast, I found it stressful to drive to different location for the SAT subject tests and deal with finding my testing room in a big University building I’d never been to before. Remember, the best testing environment for you is all about your preferences and test-taking style. Take your own concerns and issues into account when choosing your test center. Other Tips Be aware of test center closings. Sometimes the ACT has to close test centers before a test due to weather or other unforeseen issues. Check your email carefully in the weeks and days leading up to the test in case this happens to your test center. Drive to the testing location before the morning of the test if you’ve never been there. Don’t rely on your GPS to get you there without problems the morning of. There could be problems with the route, or the address given might not take you to the right entrance. If you make the drive before the morning of the test, you can make sure to avoid any last-minute crises. If you have a long drive the morning of, pack your breakfast with you to save time. You could put together a playlist for the drive as well. Either choose relaxing music if you tend to stress out, or music that will get you amped if you need some extra motivation! You could also bring along some flashcards or practice problems to get your brain going in the car. If you’ve already registered but decide you want to switch locations, you can change your ACT location after registering, but there’s a $28 fee and locations fill up the closer you get to the test. So if you want to change, do it quickly. Better yet, research your test center options before you register. What’s Next? Do you feel like you’ve hit a wall with your ACT studying? Get advice from our 36 perfect-scorer. Even if you’re not going for a 36 yourself, these tips will give you the motivation you need to get through these last few weeks of studying. Try out some full-length ACT practice tests. Being used to the format, length, and pacing of the ACT will help you build stamina and feel confident and relaxed on test day. Want other test day tips? Find out what to do – and what not do to! – the night before and morning of. Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically.

Incorporating Graphics Into the Justification Report Assignment

Incorporating Graphics Into the Justification Report - Assignment Example It is important to arrange the data that is being represented using a graph in table format. When adding a graph, one is required to select the target location for the chart. Then, select the data that is being represented using the graph. One is also required to choose the data that is to be represented and then insert the required graph. There are different forms of graphs including; bar graphs, line graphs, pie graphs among others (Chen, 2002). Implementation of graphs varies depending on the information an individual is willing to convey. Varieties of benefits couples the usage of graphs. Graphs present clear and summarized data that are easy to understand. It is relatively easy to compare and analyze data that is represented in a graphical format compared to normal reporting. The creatively constructed graph can significantly contribute to efficient management and presentation of data. The nature of graph to bring into play depends on the data that is to be presented or conveyed. For instance, when one is representing a summary of the data, one may be required to use normal graphs. In other words, nominal graphs are used when there is a possibility of reducing the data (Chen,

Current ethical issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Current ethical issues - Essay Example ilemma lies in the fact that even a pharmaceutical company is a business and it is there in the market to earn money however if such a company starts to give free away free medicine to everybody in need, the company would go bankrupt in a short time and then it there would be no more of that drug in any case. This problem becomes more serious when a company tests its drugs in the general market, give free samples, monitors the patients, set up offices and markets for patients etc. but when the testing ends, the company takes drug away from the people who were depending on it. Everyone cannot afford the real price of the product when it is approved by the FDA and launched because the company has to acquire patients and rights for their products thus raising their costs as well. Something that can be done is to involve the government and the charity organizations in these cases where testing, free medicines are involved so that the company producing them can continue doing their business but the government and the philanthropists can give the poor drugs on their expense for the sake of social heath

Genetic Modification Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Genetic Modification - Research Paper Example However, genetic modification is most common in plants than in animals. Genetically modified foods are developed for various reasons. For example, to improve the quality of some foods and to some other foods, it is done to prevent the chances of allergies after consumption. Some of the genetically modified foods include; soybean, tomatoes and corn plants as will be discussed in this paper, among others. Although the technology gives a lot of promises for consumption of these foods, there are however some risks associated with the technology just like any other new technologies (Buzzle.com, 2012). Soybeans The genetically modified soybeans are fast growing and resistant to pests and herbicides. This leads to increased production hence food security to the ever-growing population as compared to the traditionally grown crop. The fact that this crop is tolerant to herbicides implies that it cannot be affected by the herbicides once sprayed to the weeds. Therefore, the farmers end up usin g strong herbicides, which are sprayed only once in order to destroy the weeds. This does not require a lot of herbicides because the herbicide once used totally destroys the weeds resulting to reduced environmental pollution. Genetically modified soybeans are drought resistant and can be grown in places with poor soils. This means that the crop can withstand harsh climatic conditions as well as be grown in places with infertile soils where agricultural production is poor with the normal crops. By growing the genetically modified soybeans in such places utilizes the unproductive lands, earning the residents income. Moreover, this food has high nutrient content with more vitamins and minerals, and tastes much better as compared to the traditionally grown crops. This, makes them more preferable to most people than the traditionally grown ones (Anslow, 2008 & Buzzle.com, 2012). Despite the advantages associated with genetically modified soybeans, recent research studies has shown that the growing of genetically modified soybeans may lead to the transfer of herbicide resistant genes to non-target species like the weeds through cross-breeding. This will make the weeds become herbicide tolerant as well. Moreover, chances of cross-pollination to the unmodified crops are also high in such a situation. In many countries where genetically modified soybeans are grown, the genetically modified soybean product is not labeled, as manufactures fear losing customers, which may ultimately interfere with their overall business. This denies the consumers the opportunity of making their own choice on whether to consume these foods or not since the products are not labeled in the market (Buzzle.com, 2012). Apparently, as Anslow (2008) points out, genetically modified soybeans can thrive under any climatic condition giving high production with high nutrients and requires less labor since one does not have to use tillage in order to remove weeds especially in big acreage of land, bu t can just use a strong herbicide instead, to destroy the weeds. Despite these, the negative effects should not be overlooked. For instance, in the long run the weeds also turn to be tolerant to herbicides hence becoming ineffective. Moreover, the consumers end up consuming genetically engineered products unknowingly, because the labels are not included and this may lead to long-term health problems, which is not their fault. Therefore,

Small local grocery store: disadvatages in metropolitan area

Small local grocery store: disadvatages in metropolitan area EST1 Task 1 Being a small, local grocery store chain in a major metropolitan area is daunting. National and regional chains are regularly putting out of business small stores owned by local companies. This reason, along with the at large social responsibility taking hold of consumers requires all companies to adjust their organizations from solely a profit-seeking motivation to being socially and ethically understanding in their business outlook. Company Q recently closed two stores in higher-crime-rate areas. Those closures where attributed to the consistently negative balance sheets of those stores. If these stores in higher-crime areas were not making a profit, what is the reason they were losing money? To take a socially responsible approach to all of our store locations will mean understanding our customers. For example, if a store in a predominately-Jewish neighborhood is selling non-kosher items we could expect these items to not be sold in the same volume as kosher items. Taking a Jewish-centric approach to a stores marketing in a Jewish neighborhood makes good business and ethical sense. When we understand our costumers and their communities, we understand that business flourishes where society thrives. Company Q, after many years of customer requests, began to offer a limited selection of health-conscience and organic products in all of their stores. Offering organic and other health-conscience offerings in response to customer demand is a positive step in forming a social contract with our customers instead of merely offering them what we feel they need. Understanding our customers means providing them what they want and what they need. Offering high margin products to customers who have neither the financial ability to afford the higher costs associated with those products, nor have a desire to purchase these products will not help Company Qs bottom line. Product choices must be targeted to the consumer. Ethnic foods must be endemic to the neighborhood their being offered in. Marketing of stores in cultural or racially specific communities must be stocked with products that meet the needs of those people. It takes very little effort to understand our customers, but that little effort can be the difference between a store being successful or failing. Insuring that Company Qs stores differentiate themselves in the marketplace will help give the company a competitive edge in these tough economic times. Company Qs current policy of disposing of day-old products is a perfect example of missing a great public relations and corporate social responsibility opportunity. When asked by the areas food bank to donate product that would otherwise be thrown away, management declined. Employees concerned management over lost revenue through possible fraud and theft instead of donating the food. The first concern with this issue is understanding its costs and actual or perceived benefits. Company Q will write-off any product that needs to be disposed off due to exceeding the expiration date. The products are disposed of in a dumpster and that is the end of the products usefulness in Company Qs current viewpoint. The company, if paying by weight or volume, will incur greater disposal rates from the waste removal company for disposing of the unsellable product instead of donating it to the local food bank. The second concern with not donating product that would otherwise be thrown away is employees attitudes. If weve communicated to our employees that we will not be socially conscience to those people in need in our community, what does that say to our employees since they are also a part of the local community. In our digitally connected society it would be foolhardy to not expect a socially aware employee to film the disposal of food that we may not be able to sell but which could be given away and used by those in need. The potential negative feedback of such an event for a small chain like Company Q cannot be overstated. The above concern dealt with not just the direct financial costs to our company but the possible social capital loss that we find in our current position. Thankfully, Company Q doesnt need to expend much in the way of financial or employee effort to make a considerable difference in our store neighborhood community respect. One delivery van can be used to pick-up the product that would otherwise be thrown away at the end of the workday and transported by the stores supervisor to the local food bank. The food would be unloaded by food bank staff while the Company Q supervisor could discuss with the food bank managers the impact that those donations will have on the community. The marginal time spent loading and travelling to the local food bank is a minor inconvenience for the storeowner at worst and a major public relations benefit for not only the local store but also Company Q in general. We could also expect a reduction in our waste removal services since less product will be thro wn away. â€Å"The point is to attract customers wanting to make a difference in society through their purchasing† (Bronn, 2001, p.2). The intrinsic and extrinsic benefits for not only Company Q management but also storeowners and store employees alike, clearly proves the need for a socially conscience corporate attitude. References Bronn, P.S., Vironi, A.B. (2001). Corporate social responsibility and cause related marketing: an overview. International Journal of Advertising, 2. Retrieved February 27, 2010, from http://www.basisboekmvo.nl/files/cause-related.pdf

Napster and Intellectual Property :: essays research papers fc

The Internet. It is a vast network of millions of users, surfing and sharing billions of files, all day, every day. To individuals holding copyrights on intellectual property, this is a frightening proposition. After all, there is virtually no protection for these copyright holders from the misuse of their property. But, as Scott Sullivan, writer for The FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin stated, â€Å"as history has proven, technological and societal advances usually come with a price.† The price society is paying for the Internet is a loss of copyright protection by laws for their intellectual material. Napster is a good example of how these intellectual property rights are being compromised on the Internet. Napster is a simple, yet sophisticated program created by a young college student named Shawn Fanning that enables users to anonymously swap and share audio files known as MP3s. During its infancy, Napster only had approximately 3,000 users. At that time, Napster could probably have been protected by the Audio Home Recording Act, â€Å"which gives consumers the right to create and transfer digital music for noncommercial purposes† (Gurly). Since that time, according to Chris Sherman, writer for the magazine Online, â€Å"Napster has become the most successful new Web technology ever by gaining more than 25 million registered users in just over a year or existence.† At this point, however, the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) is quite unhappy with Napster’s existence and its service. They believe â€Å"the fact that millions of users can shar e songs with one another is a violation of copyright and constitutes outright ‘theft’ of intellectual property† (Sherman). The RIAA won a lawsuit under this argument against Napster in early 2001, so the program may go offline unless a compromise is reached. If the final ruling is made to stop Napster’s service, doing so will not be difficult because it is a centralized service. However, â€Å"file sharing, a mainstay of Web activity that’s considered almost a ‘right’ by many users, is too popular to stomp out in one fell swoop† (Sherman). The technology under which Napster operates, File Transfer Protocol (FTP), has been in use since 1971. It would be as difficult to destroy this technology as it would music itself. Nonetheless, as with many other technologies that threaten to freely distribute copyrighted music, the RIAA is attempting to stop the file sharing movement in its tracks. Alex Torralbas, who has worked in the recording industry, states, â€Å"in the 1980s they (the RIAA) effectively killed the digital audio tape, and in the ‘70s, albums and tapes bore skull-and-crossbones stickers warning buyers against taping the music on cassettes.

Character Analysis a Christmas Carol Fezziwig Essay

Dickens uses Fezziwig to represent views and values, which were once a common way of life for people, to give to the poor and help others, yet these values, and ideals were slowly fading in the 19th Century economic change Shown to Scrooge by the Ghost of Christmas Past, was old happy and energetic Fezziwig, who he was once apprenticed to when he was young, who taught Scrooge to be sharp witted, cunning moneylender like himself. The Ghost of Christmas Past takes Scrooge back to his young adulthood, to relearn the valuable lessons, which Fezziwig taught about life, that wealth and greed, should never come before generosity and those close around you. Fezziwig, the avid businessman, had plenty of money, yet lent it generously, while not holding back in throwing large parties every Christmas for every single one of his workers and some of their close friends. Fezziwig views his workers as members of his family, contrasting with Scrooge who wants nothing to do with his own nephew, only son of his sister, let alone one of his workers like Bob Crachit. Fezziwig and his wife were excellent hosts, involving themselves in every dance despite their age, showing that they were a â€Å"top couple†¦ a good stiff piece of work cut out for them.† Fezziwig was described as being quite old, yet lively, wearing a large Welsh wig, while having the dexterity to still be fit as an old man, in comparison to Scrooge who’s described as sickly and stiff, showing how by associating yourself with others, it keeps your spirit alive and active, when you seclude yourself, you tend to stop caring about yourself and everyone and everything around you. Not only did Fezziwig invite everyone who worked for him to enjoy and to have a merry Christmas, at the end of the night, he even went to the effort to, â€Å"shaking hands with every person individually† showing how he cared and thought well of every single worker of his, while you hear young Scrooge and Dick â€Å"pouring out their hearts in praise of Fezziwig.† The ghost of Christmas past helps to trip Scrooge’s guilt, by quoting â€Å"a small matter†¦ to make these silly folks so full of gratitude†, showing how insubstantial the amount of money and how effortlessly it would cost Scrooge to give to his workers, like Fezziwig gave to him, and how big the reward of seeing gratitude in the eyes of his workers would have and its impact. â€Å"Fezziwig had the power to render us happy or unhappy; to make our service light or burdensome; a pleasure or a toil. Say that his power lay in words and looks; in things so slight and insignificant that it is impossible to add and count them up: what then? The happiness he gave was quite as great as if it cost a fortune.† Fezziwig is a vital, key character in Scrooges transformation, used by Dickens as a FOIL against the character of Scrooge, shown to him by the Ghost of Christmas Past, contrasting the two types of rich, the one who shows kindness and generosity, reaping the rewards, by seeing the gratitude and fulfilment of happiness that brings, by giving to others. The other was on the opposite side like Scrooge, being lonely and bitter, with all the wealth in the world, yet a smile never breaking out onto their cold faces. The memory of Fezziwig’s generosity and holiday cheer helped to jolt and move Scrooge’s stony heart.